PO-D5

The primary indication for periodontal surgery is:

To perform prophylaxis
To eliminate deep pockets that persist after non-surgical therapy
To manage dentinal hypersensitivity
To correct mild gingivitis

Which of the following are examples of autogenous bone grafts commonly used in periodontal regenerative surgery?

(Multiple Correct Answers)

Intraoral cortical bone from mandibular ramus
Iliac crest bone
DFDBA
Chin symphysis bone

Which of the following statements about bone graft materials used in periodontal surgery are correct?

(Multiple Correct Answers)

Autografts are harvested from the same individual and have osteogenic potential.
Allografts are obtained from a donor of the same species and are primarily osteoinductive.
Xenografts are synthetic bone substitutes used for osteoinductive regeneration.
Alloplasts are synthetic materials that act mainly through osteoconduction.
Autografts increases the risk of disease transmission.

Which of the following flap designs provides maximum access to the root surface and alveolar bone?

Envelope flap
Semilunar flap
Modified Widman flap
Mucoperiosteal flap

Which of the following statements about gingivectomy are correct?

(Multiple Correct Answers)

It is indicated for elimination of suprabony periodontal pockets and gingival enlargements.
It provides direct visualization of the alveolar bone for osseous surgery.
It can be performed using scalpel, electrosurgery, or laser.
It heals primarily by secondary intention.
It is the treatment of choice for infrabony defects.

Which of the following statements about periodontal flap surgery are correct?

(Multiple Correct Answers)

A mucoperiosteal flap includes epithelium, connective tissue, and periosteum.
Partial-thickness flap reflection exposes alveolar bone directly.
The Modified Widman flap aims for maximum bone exposure.
Apically positioned flaps are used to increase the width of attached gingiva.
The primary purpose of flap surgery is to provide access for root debridement and osseous correction.

Guided tissue regeneration (GTR) primarily aims to:

Increase epithelial proliferation
Promote bone and periodontal ligament regeneration
Remove pocket epithelium only
Reduce mobility via splinting

A 45-year-old female patient presents with mild bleeding on probing, gingival inflammation, and 4 mm periodontal pockets around the maxillary premolars. Radiographic examination shows no bone loss. The patient has undergone thorough scaling and root planing two weeks ago but still shows persistent gingival inflammation.

Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in management?

Gingivectomy
Gingival curettage
Flap surgery
Local drug delivery

Which of the following represents the correct sequential steps of bone recontouring during Resective osseous surgery?

Flattening of interproximal bone → Radicular blending → Gradualizing of marginal bone → Vertical grooving
Vertical grooving → Flattening of interproximal bone → Radicular blending → Gradualizing of marginal bone
Vertical grooving → Radicular blending → Flattening of interproximal bone → Gradualizing of marginal bone
Radicular blending → Vertical grooving → Flattening of interproximal bone → Gradualizing of marginal bone

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